COMPARATIVE-HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF MANAGEMENT MODELS IN HIGHER EDUCATION

Many factors influence the development of the management model that guides the future of the university. While reviewing pedagogical sources in Azerbaijan, we did not find any research on the management models of universities. However, in the world’s innovative pedagogical resources, it is considered that the management model is an actual issue for the university. The main purpose of this article is to review the management models of higher education and to evaluate the Azerbaijani model within this framework. Two types of university management models have been developed since the university appeared in the stage of history. In the European management model, the state has extensive powers over universities; that is, it is a management model in which universities are considered state institutions. In this management model, the purposes and activities of universities are determined, supervised, and evaluated by the decisions made by the state at the national level. In the second management model, the Anglo-Saxon model, the main principle is that universities adjust their academic and financial policies to market conditions. The Anglo-Saxon model is more autonomous than the European model. Universities in this model are more independent in salary and recruitment processes than in the other model. Although the first higher education institution in Azerbaijan was established during the period of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, the acceleration of Westernization efforts took place in the period after regaining independence. After the restoration of independence, increasing the quality of education and adapting it to European standards has become one of the priority directions of Azerbaijan. Reforms in this area are still ongoing. As in the European management model, all levels of education in Azerbaijan, including higher education, are managed by a centralized system. The main financial source of education is the state budget.