ACADEMIC ACTIVITY IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: THE ESSENCE, DIRECTIONS, AND IMPACTS

The purposeful organization and strategic management of academic activities in higher education institutions are fundamental prerequisites for the sustainable development of the education system. The article explores the theoretical foundations of educational activities, their main directions, and their impacts on the higher education system. The core components of academic activity—teaching, research, innovation, and international collaboration—contribute to shaping the scientific potential and the social function of universities. Based on the research findings, academic activity is not only a means of knowledge production but also a key mechanism for the practical application of knowledge, its transformation into economic value, and the promotion of social well-being. The paper also presents strategic approaches grounded in global experience, identifies existing challenges in the field, and proposes solutions. It is emphasized that the effective management of academic activity significantly enhances the international competitiveness of higher education institutions, improves ranking indicators, and contributes meaningfully to the knowledge economy.